2016年托业考试(TOEIC)模拟阅读材料及分析

1.Those second-hand pianos are selling like hot cakes， if you want one， you'd better buy one now before they're all gone. sell like hot cakes=sell very well or very quickly

　　2.Whenever I have to make a speech I get butterflies in my stomach. get butterflies in one's stomach=get nervous

　　3 He would do anything for his daughter. She was the apple of his eye. be the apple of one's eye=be very precious to sb.

　　4 Lend me ，please， Tom， I'm broke at the moment. be broke=doesn't have any money

　　5 The accident was caused by a taxi driver jumping the green light. jump the green light=doesn't wait for the traffic lights to change to green。

　　6.You didn't think I was serious， did you， Joe!　It was a joke! I was pulling your leg， that's all. pull one's leg=tease someone，逗某人玩

　　7 Because the owner wanted a quick sale， the painting went for a song-only. If something "goes for a song"， it is sold very cheaply

　　8 There was a shortage of food; so you had to pay through the nose for what you could find. To "pay through the nose " for something is to pay far more for something than it is really worth

　　9 If he finds out what you did with the company's money， he'll hit the roof. hit the roof=get very angry

　　10 The sky got very dark and soon the rain began to bucket down. bucket down = rain very heavily

　　11 They all chip in for the benefit of Simpson's widow and little child. chip in=contribute money捐献

　　12.He usually buys his clothes off the peg. It's cheaper than going to a dressmaker. Off the peg clothes =成衣

　　13 Now stop beating about the bush and tell me what happened! beat about the bush=avoid saying directly what you mean

　　14 I really must go and lie down for a while ;I've got a splitting headache. Splitting headache=painful headache

　　代词题型：

　　代词出现频度几乎占据26%左右，即每篇文章中有两题代词题目。在98年后考题中代词题目数量减弱。代词的题型从代词出现的位置可以分为

　　1.句首代词

　　2.句间代词

　　3.句末代词

　　4.短语指代

　　句首，句间，句末代词解题原则：

　　1.代词指代的名词单复数要和代词单复数一致。

　　2.代词用所选答案替换后，句子结构和意义应完整，这是解题的一种思路。

　　3.代词通常指代前句的主语或宾语，偶有指代后句情况。

　　4.代词一般贴近主题或主题词，包括段落局部主题词。

　　Pitcher plants are carnivorous plants whose prey-trapping mechanism features a deep cavity filled with liquid known as a pitfall trap. It has been widely assumed that the various sorts of pitfall trap evolved from rolled leaves, with selection pressure favouring more deeply cupped leaves over evolutionary time. However, some pitcher plant genera (such as Nepenthes) are placed within clades consisting mostly of flypaper traps: this indicates that this view may be too simplistic, and some pitchers may have evolved from flypaper traps by loss of mucilage.

　　Whatever their evolutionary origins, foraging, flying or crawling insects such as flies are attracted to the cavity formed by the cupped leaf, often by visual lures such as anthocyanin pigments, and nectar bribes. The sides of the pitcher are slippery and may be grooved in such a way so as to ensure that the insects cannot climb out. The small bodies of liquid contained within the pitcher traps are called phytotelmata. They drown the insect, and the body of it is gradually dissolved. This may occur by bacterial action (the bacteria being washed into the pitcher by rainfall) or by enzymes secreted by the plant itself. Furthermore, some pitcher plants contain mutualistic insect larvae, which feed on trapped prey, and whose excreta the plant absorbs.[1] Whatever the mechanism of digestion, the prey items are converted into a solution of amino acids, peptides, phosphates, ammonium and urea, from which the plant obtains its mineral nutrition (particularly nitrogen and phosphorus). Like all carnivorous plants, they occur in locations where the soil is too poor in minerals and/or too acidic for most plants to be able to grow.

　　本篇关键词：

　　Pitcher plants

　　carnivorous plants

　　mucilage

　　cupped leaf

　　slippery

　　grooved

　　phytotelmata

　　amino acids

　　peptides

　　phosphates

　　ammonium and urea

　　nitrogen and phosphorus

　　中文相关知识：

　　吃动物的植物，全世界有500多种，其中,以猪笼草的捕虫器最精巧和复杂。猪笼草大多数生长在印度洋群岛、马达加斯加、斯里兰卡、印度尼西亚等潮湿热带森林里，我国广东、云南等省也有这种植物。猪笼草吃虫，全靠它奇特的叶子。它的叶片中脉伸出去变成卷须，可以攀附着别的东西向上升。卷的顶部生出一个囊状物，好象奶瓶子一样，口上有一个盖，能开也能关。瓶口边缘向内卷，瓶内有半瓶子水液。瓶口内壁能分泌又甜又香的蜜汁，贪吃的小昆虫闻到香味就会爬过去吃蜜。也许就在它们吃得正得意的时候，脚下突然一滑，一头栽到瓶中，被水液粘住了，再也无法逃命。于是猪笼草得到了一顿美餐。

　　其它吃虫植物如茅膏菜、毛毡苔、捕蝇草等，虽然也能捕捉昆虫，但它们的捕虫工具，远不及猪笼草的精巧复杂。托业考试(TOEIC)